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Acts of Paul and Thecla
The ''Acts of Paul and Thecla'' (''Acta Pauli et Theclae'') is an apocryphal story—Goodspeed called it a "religious romance"〔Edgar Johnson Goodspeed, "(The Acts of Paul and Thecla )" ''The Biblical World'' 17.3 (March 1901, pp. 185-190) p. 185.〕—of St Paul's influence on a young virgin named Thecla. It is one of the writings of the New Testament apocrypha.
== History of the text ==
It is attested no later than Tertullian, ''De baptismo'' 17:5 (''c'' 190), who tells a presbyter from Asia wrote the ''History of Paul and Thecla'', and was deposed by John the Apostle after confessing the forgery. Tertullian inveighed against its use in the advocacy of a woman's right to preach and to baptize. Eugenia of Rome in the reign of Commodus (180-192) is reported in the Acts of her martyrdom to have taken Thecla as her model after reading the text, prior to its disapproval by Tertullian.〔"...there fell into her hands the ''History'' of the holy Apostle Paul and of the blessed Virgin Thekla, and as she read it in secret, day after day..." ("ACTS OF SAINT EUGENIA", chapter ii) Frederick Cornwallis Conybeare, ''The Apology and Acts of Apollonius and other monuments of early Christianity'' Swan, Sonnenschein & co., 1894, (p.158 )〕 Jerome recounts the information from Tertullian,〔''De Viris Illustribus''. (chapter 7: Luke )〕 and on account of his great care to chronology, some scholars regard the text a 1st-century creation.〔Ceresa-Gastaldo has shown that Jerome’s “care for the chronology is constant and fundamental”; from this he was able to deduce from the ''De viri illustribus'' and ''Chronicon'' that the “History of Paul” (incorporating the earlier Acts of Paul and Thecla) was originally published between AD 68-98: ''Studia Patristica'' 15 (1984) 55-68. Affirmed by A. Hilhorst (on the Acts of Paul” , p.159f ), S. Reinach, ''Cultes, mythes et religions'' IV (Paris, 1912) 229-51 ('Thekla'), esp. 242,and Theodor Zahn, (''Göttingische Gelehrte Anzeigen'' 1877, p.1307), cf. W. Rordorf, 'Tradition et composition dans les Actes de Thecle', ''Theologische Zeitschrift'' 41 (1985) 272-83, esp. 276, reprinted in his ''Liturgie, foi et vie des premiers Chretiens'' (Paris, 1986
*) 457-68〕
Many surviving versions of the ''Acts of Paul and Thecla'' in Greek, and some in Coptic, as well as references to the work among Church fathers show that it was widely disseminated. In the Eastern Church, the wide circulation of the ''Acts of Paul and Thecla'' in Greek, Syriac, and Armenian is evidence of the veneration of Thecla of Iconium. There are also Latin, Coptic, and Ethiopic versions, sometimes differing widely from the Greek. "In the Ethiopic, with the omission of Thecla's admitted claim to preach and to baptize, half the point of the story is lost."〔Goodspeed 1901:186 note.〕 The discovery of a Coptic text of the ''Acts of Paul'' containing the Thecla narrative〔In a papyrus conserved at Heidelberg (Goodspeed 1901:185).〕 suggests that the abrupt opening of the ''Acts of Paul and Thecla'' is due to its being an excerpt of that larger work.
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